2D barcode implementation
2D barcodes powered by GS1 on packaging
Translate the required product data and trading-partner rules into a print, verification and line-control specification before selecting the coder.
Translate the required product data and trading-partner rules into a print, verification and line-control specification before selecting the coder.
GS1 standards support several two-dimensional data carriers. GS1 DataMatrix is widely used for healthcare identification, while a QR Code with GS1 Digital Link syntax can combine product identification with digital information and retail or consumer use cases. The correct symbol, data structure and transition method must be confirmed with the brand owner, retailer, regulator or trading partner.
GS1 explains that 2D barcodes can carry a GTIN together with attributes such as expiry date, batch or lot number and serial number. See the official GS1 guidance on 2D barcodes and use the current General Specifications for the exact application.
| Planning question | Why it matters to the coding system |
|---|---|
| Which symbol and syntax are required? | Determines message construction, software support, scanner configuration and verification criteria. |
| Which fields change on every batch or item? | Defines the data source, update frequency, buffer and duplicate-record controls. |
| Where will the code be scanned? | Controls size, orientation, placement, contrast and acceptable distortion on the pack. |
| Will a linear barcode remain during transition? | Affects available artwork space, scanner behaviour and the risk of reading the wrong symbol. |
| Is the code for retail, logistics, healthcare or consumer engagement? | Different applications can require different carriers, data and verification grades. |
The printer should receive controlled fields rather than an operator retyping a complete code. Define each field, format, owner and validation rule before software integration.
Usually comes from approved master data and must match the product and artwork.
May be entered, generated or received from production systems; duplicates and illegal characters need rules.
Requires an approved date rule, format, time zone, rollover point and manual-override control.
Requires uniqueness, sequence control, record retention and a defined response to communication loss or rework.
A handheld scanner may decode a poor symbol under favourable conditions. Where formal barcode quality is required, use an ISO/IEC-compliant verifier and the applicable GS1 specification. A separate vision system may still be needed online to detect missing, wrong or badly positioned codes.
Confirm that the selected printer can reproduce the smallest cell or bar at the chosen line speed and throw distance. Approve the actual symbol, not a larger demonstration code.
Keep the print surface flat or consistently curved, within the permitted print gap and stable relative to the printhead. Wrinkles, seams, edges and tight curves can distort the symbol.
Use a production sample to prove contrast, drying and durability after filling, cooling, condensation, rub, sealing and transport handling.
GS1's barcode quality guidance highlights quiet zones, contrast, symbol size, deterioration and placement as common causes of poor performance. The exact requirements remain symbol- and application-specific.
Document symbol, syntax, application identifiers, field lengths, date rules and ownership.
Confirm size, quiet zone, placement, background and coexistence with other barcodes.
Test the final pack at the full speed and least favourable surface condition.
Use the agreed reader or verifier and retain representative reports.
Test wrong data, missing print, unreadable print, duplicate serial and communication loss.
Repeat approval when material, ink, printer settings, artwork, software or data rules change.
Send the required symbol, data fields, pack artwork and scanner or verifier specification.
Discuss a 2D-code project